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Wild Blue Yonder 1: 50 Years of Gs & Jets
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Wild Blue Yonder - Episode 1 - 50 Years of Gs and Jets (Digital Ranch) (Spectrum Holobyte)(1-107-40-101)(1994).iso
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00146_Field_146.txt
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1994-08-29
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Birth of Forward Sweep
After the success of the Me 262, engineers at Junkers began
seriously investigating wing sweep. In their studies, these
engineers became troubled with the instability of the
backwards-swept wing at low speeds. Instead, German aviation
designers under the supervision of Dr. Hans Wocke looked into the
value of sweeping the wings forward.
In theory, sweeping an aircraft's wings forward would have the
same effect aerodynamically as sweeping them back. Stability
problems would be transferred from the low to the high-speed
regime, where they could be handled more easily. It was also
believed that sweeping wings forward meant less weight, improved
low-speed control, and better use of the interior volume of the
fuselage. To prove this Dr. Wocke oversaw the production of a
forward-swept wing aircraft -- the Junker Ju 287.
The Ju 287 prototype was thrown together using existing
components: a Heinkel He 177A fuselage, nose wheels from a
crashed Consolidated B-24, and main wheels from the Ju 352. The
gear was fixed down in the prototype, and the four engines were
divided, two on the nose and one on each wing. The aircraft flew
beautifully, but, as Wocke predicted, aeroelastic problems did
manifest themselves in dives.
In the United States, through the late 1930s and early 1940s, an
inspired engineer named George Cornelius patented many of his
forward-swept wing experiments. In 1944, Cornelius even produced
the XFG-1 fuel transport glider, which was successfully tested
with forward-swept wings but never went into production. In
truth, the practical use of forward-swept wings did not arrive
until the advent of better composite materials and the Defense
Department's X-29 program.